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23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alte."  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  wnich  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


L'institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-Stre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mdthode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquds  ci-dessous. 


□    Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 

□    Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagie 

□    Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurde  et/ou  pelliculde 

□    Cover  title  missing/ 
Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


I      I    Coloured  pages/ 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagdes 


□    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  pelliculdes 


I    ~K  Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
l*^    Pages  ddcolordes,  tachet6es  ou  piqu^es 


I      I    Coloured  maps/ 


Cartes  gdographiques  en  couleur 


□    Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

□    Coloured  plates  aiid/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

□    Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 


□    Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d^tach^es 

r~~L/§howthrough/ 
L^    Transparence 

□    Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Quality  indgale  de  I'impression 

□    Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  materiel  suppl^mentaire 


D 


D 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

Lareliure  serr6e  paut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  intdrieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
11  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutdes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  dtait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  fiimdes. 


n 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seuie  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t(b  filmdes  d  nouveau  de  facon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


D 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppl^mentaires; 


This  i*em  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filmd  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu6  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  22X 


26X 


30X 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


tails 

du 
adifier 

une 
nage 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Metropolitan  Toronto  Library 
Canadian  History  Department 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


L'exempiaire  film6  fut  reproduit  grAce  d  la 
g6nArosit6  de: 

Metropolitan  Toronto  Library 
Canadian  History  Department 

Les  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  f*t 
de  la  nettet6  de  l'exempiaire  filmi,  et  on 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmad 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  Impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ♦-  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED ").  or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  roduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimde  sont  film6s  en  commen^ant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmds  en  commenyant  par  la 
premiira  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  derni&re  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparattra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ^'  signifie  "A  SUIVaE".  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  §tre 
film^s  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diffdrents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichd.  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  supdrieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  ndcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mdthode. 


irrata 
to 


pelure, 
n  d 


1 

2 

3 

32X 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

1* 


''^fi  V   "UNION  THE  BOND  OF  PEACE^ 


i 


,'£'^^y^,.^^" 


^^^ 


I. 


^^V 


<l 


^ND  PROGBESS*^ 

OF  TJJE  . 


PRESENT   DlFFlCltJIjTiES^ 


iiETWEEN  THE 


UNITED  STATES  JJVI)   ^'["^X 
GREAT  BBITAIN,  AND  FRANCE 


CONSIliERED. 


TOGETHER  WITH  SOME  REFLECTIONS 
ARISING  OUT  OF  THE  SUBJECT. 


Br  A  CITIZEN  OF  OTSEGO  COUJSTTY, 


Wtica: 

PRIKTEB  FOR  THE  PURCHASER^ 


.c-^V 


1809. 


|Wil.    K"**''- 


/ 


,>«^- 


mmmmmmm^mmmmmmmfK^ 


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/ 


^■' 


TO  ALL  WHO  MAY  CONDESCEND  TO  REAff, 
THE  FOLLOWING  STATEMENT, 

It*  is  not  with  a  y\tif  to  provoke  or  arouse  the 
angry  passions  of  such  as  may  entertwn  ideas  different  from 
mine  on  the  subject  that  I  address  yo^,  or  from  any  dewre 
I  have  of  wounding  any  man's  feeling^  who  is  honest  end 
Mncere  in  his  professed  attachment  to  his  country  :  nei- 
ther do  I  wish  to  increase  the  difficulties  now  subsistfaig  be- 
tween our  government  and  that  of  Great-Britam  j  nor  am 
I  destitute  of  an  honest  regard  for  my  own  mother  coun- 
try, which  I  believe  conabtent  with  truth  and  reason.    My 
partiality  in  fevor  of  England  is  quite  natural :  I  was  boni 
and  educated  taider  that  government ;  I  professed  the  same 
form  oi  religion  with  his  Majesty,  and  which  was  establish- 
ed the  national  religion ;  1  never  took  up  arm^  against  his 
Majesty,  or  encouraged  others  so  to  do,  cllhough  in  the  wai 
with  America  I  was  net  reconciled,  believing  it  to  be  un- 
just and  cruel.    I  also  believe  that  the  same  unjust  iu»ft 
cruel  disposition  remains  in  many  of  their  rulers  unto  tl# 
day.    That  men  <^  reading  find  observation  have  had  suffi- 
cient opportunity  to  discover  this  by  their  conduct  towai"d» 
America  since  the  peace,  I  do  not  question  ;  neither  dol 
doubt  but  that  all  such  are  satisfied  in  their  own  minds  that 
it  is  really  so  ;  but  there  are  many,  it  is  to  be  feared,  who 
shut  their  eyes  against  the  light  in  the  political  as  well  as 
in  the  religious  world  ;  and  who,  for  party  purposes,  denf ; 
the  tnith  and  hold  up  error,  and  thereby  deceive  the  am- 
ple an^  unsuspicious  who  confide  in  then?  for  correct  infor- 
mation.   I  therefore  avow  ifty  motive  for  writing  on  thfe 
,subj<$ct  :--It  is  for  their  sakes  whoare  thus  derived. 


■i& 


mmMp 


-    f  4  y 

As  to  myself,  I  aih  perfectly  well  satisfied  with  the  con- 
stUuilon,  aiTtl  with  both  the  present  and  the  last  administra- 
tions of  the  national  government,  notwithfiti<nding  we  hate 
Jittfl  an  embargo,  with  provisions  to  carry  it  into  effect,  and 
anon-intercour.se  whicn  was  denounced,  worse  than  the  em- 
bargo.    These  great  national  measures  have  beep  loUdly^ 
reprobated — but  what  of  all  this  I  Is'there  noway  inWhicli 
we  riii'y  f'^iily  account  for  these  ihings  ?    Yes,  replies  oney 
I  tafi  account  for  them  ;  it  Was  our  bitd  rtilers,  who,  with- 
out any  cause,  brought  these  difficulties  and  privatioi'is  upon 
1J4.  ^top,  my  friend,  this  isnot  accounting  for  the  difficul- 
ties alf  all  ;  it  is  only  attiibuting  them  to  acertrun  source  as 
tKfe  aitise  of  therti.     Perhaps  yoii  may  by  investigation  find 
otita  cause  for  all  thosb  difficulties  without  any  imputation 
'to  your  rulers.     With  a  view  to  this,  I  began  to  write  «    I 
purjjose  treating  the  ilubject  under  this  impression  ;  and  if 
my  remarks  should  come  before  the  ptibfe,  tbcy  must  be 
their  own  judges  how  far  1  have  succeeded,  and  wherein  I 
hare  com©  short.    I'he  subject  is  a  serious  one  ;  at  least 
it  is  so  to  me*  'To  criminate  the  innocent  or  to  clear  tho- 
gUiltJr,  I  hope  I  shall  not  attempt :  b^itwho  is  he  that 
'  y^oM  not  rejoilftfe,  if,  after  a  fair  stateraent  of  febts,  k  evi- 
dently appears,  that  our  rulers  instead  of  bringing  difficul- 
tly upoii  us,  have  dcMie  the  l»«t  tiiey  could  to  save  us  froiji, 
^■^se^difficultlesi.'-^'- ■■  '■■^"' '-';/' --^^^^^^ 
■    Let  us  how  enf^uire  what  our  rulers  have  done  in  ordclr 
to  prei^rve  the  natbn  in  peace  and  prosperity.    !n  the 
first  pU6e,I  wbu^tl  i^serve  that  Fr^ce  and  England,  for 
these  ntuuiy  years  past,  have  been  determined  to  ta^e  all 
possibfe  advantages  of  circumstances  in  order  to  oppress 
leach  other.    This  we  have  seen  in  the  instance  of  France 
r  ussisiiog  Ameiica  in  gaining  her  independence— not  out 
df  love  to  AmerieiEi)  but  hatred  to  England.    In  the  second 
pl^e,  let  ^&  recollect  the  conduct  of  England  towards 
I  drawee  aiice  the  revolution  in  that  country  took  its  rise, 
L  and  Is^re  we  discover!  that  notwithstwidbg  their  opposi^ii 


J 


mmmm 


(    5     ) 

to  the  Pope  and  Popish  religion,  when  both  the  one  and" 
the  other  were  in  dcuiger  of  being  exterminated  by  a  just 
vengeance*  for  the  innocent  blood  which  they  had  shed  and 
caused  to  be  shed  ;  when  the  Popish  piiests  who  were  al- 
ways devising  means  for  the  destruction  of  the  protcstants 
who  dwelt  amongst  them— I  say,  when  those  bloody  men 
were  about  to  receive  their  just  deserts,  England  interpo- 
sed, by  hei^flcets  and  armies,  to  support  Antichrist ^\  which 
she  had  often  declared  the  Pope  to  be.  But  what  had  she 
to  do  with  the  French  nation  on  this  occa^on  ?  Was  it  ever 
known  that  they  espoused  the  cause  of  protestants  agains]l 
papists  ?  No,  by  no  means  y  they  would  not,  even  though 
it  were  just.  But  we  see  England,  although  it  was  contra* 
ry  to  her  creeds,  to  her  Sunday  prayers,  for  the  downfall  of 

*  <*  Vengvanee  is  mine^  I  will  recoinp«nce  saitb  the  Lord.">« 
That  the  power  of  the  kings  and  priests  of  France  were  abso*^ 
Iute»  is  well  known  among  all  nations,  and  that  this  power  was 
exercised  by  tbeHbover  the  peaceable  inhabitants  of  that  country 
merely  for  dissentinjg  from  the  pope,  is  well  attested  by  history. 
Thousands  of  the  protestants,  for  no  other  cause,  were  butcher- 
ed by  them  ui  the  most  cruel  and  barbarous  manner  possible., 
without  respect  to  age  or  sex*  and  always  by  th«  special  corn, 
roand  of  his  Ao/<>:f««c  the  pope,  or  under  hiscontrole;  such  cru- 
elties  were  resented  by  the  English  government,  their  minis, 
ters  wrote  larg«  vohimes  to  prove  that  Uie  perptliators  could 
not  escape  punishment,  that  vengeance  would  most  certainly  o«, 
vertjdce  theci,  and  the  just  jud^ents  of  God  fidl  upon  them  for 
their  wickedness,  and-  that  theu*  arm  of  powe^^  would  «oon  bet 
bro|:e9  IB  pieces  by  hi^m  unto  whom  aU  nsen  are  accountable»-<- 
Tbis  event  was  most  certainly  anticipated  soon  after  the  revolti^ 
tion  began,  and  is  now  in,  some  degree  effected^. 

f  My^EurOpeian  brethren  know  very  wellj  that  thii  i^pellkilini 
beUings  to  the  pope,  according  as  the  mimster»of  the  church  c^ 
England  Explain  the  scriptures,  veu  know  he  is  represented  by 
them  to  be  the  beast  and.  $he  false  prophet>  and  the  churdh  d£ 
Rome  to  be  the  mother  of  harlots,  you  alsO' know  that  the  gov- 
ernment has  enjoined  it  on  the  ministers  to  use  the  fttrms.or 
prayers  which  they  have  estabbihcd,  andamong  those  to  be  used 
every  Lord's  day  We  find  dcnundatien  agwnst, the  pope  and 
popish  religion,  andr  Deity  invoked  to  overtuffi^th  the  one  and 
the  other.  Now  it  is  not  frtr  tile  to  say  whether  this  be  right  pr 
wrong,  the  thing  is,  whether  the  En^Usb«i«  consistent  in  pr»y«. 
tegibir-thcir  downfall,  and  whien  thif  is  ttlQEi|||^  to  i^mXi  t^f 


(     6     ) 

Popery,  to  licr  govcmmtnt  and  laws,  arta  to  the  prciteatafit 
interest  in  general,  from  some  motive  espouse  theirs;  and 
indeed  the  events  that  have  taken  place  since  ^hat  period, 
fully  der  :«n8tr(Ate  that  her  motive  must  have  been  corrupt 
from,  the  beginning.  At  this  time  there  was  nothing  to 
provoke  her  resentment,  except  as  has  been  observed  that 
Frdnce  had  assisted*  America  to  gain  her  independence. 
But  thiaalone  was  sufficient  cause.  They  had  hot  forgot- 
ten the  plans  they  had  formed  and  the  sti-atagems  they  had 
laid  in  order  to  subjugate  America  ;  but  thatj  through  the 
interposidon  of  a  kind  Providence,  and  aided  by  France, 
they  were  obliged  to  renounce  their  unjust  and  cruel  de- 
fligus.  These  things  ought  not  to  be  forgotten  by  Ameri- 
jsans — they  are  not  forgotten  by  Englishmen  ;  and  in  my 
ppinion,  by  keeping  them  in  view  we  may  easily  account' 
for  most,  it  not  all  of  that  desolation  and  destruction  whicH 
^s  a  flood  hath  overspread  the  contment  of  Europe  from, 
that  time  to  the  present.  If  Great-Britain  ifa  so  implacable 
In  her  resentment  towards  an  auxilidty,  what  hiust  it  be  to-t 
-vrarda  the  principal  ?  If  France,  yea,  the  whole  continent 
of  l^urbpe,  hath  suffered  and  now  suffer  chiefly  by  their 

Jine^ps,  stfid  in  t:;ionsequence  of  the  leyolutiooandtheGir^ 

''  J:\  -^'  ■•■'''.  ■.^■..,  '.  ■     .,  ■  . .  ■  ■■•-■-■-/r'":  :  -'v;^  ' 

*  That  G.  B.  hfUJ  other  motives  arkiite  from  variop^^c^nsid* 
^nttioris  Wsid^  tliis  1  tnike  nodontrt;  l>ut  wh«th«r  arty  other 
•WW  eq«al  to  tms  in  mii|^ttide  I  scruple  to  betieve.  Yet  what- 
^•e>,  resentment  she  might  feel  on  thi«  account,  orbowerer  set- 
tled in  her  determinatkm  to  take  rcTCinge  when  an  opportunity 
ftfteredjs  at  this  time  she, was  doubtful  whether  it  was  expedient 
in  her  present  circumatances  to  take  an  active  part  therein« 
ien<^  it  was  that  after  strengthening  herself  by  alliances  with 
i^i^i^siai  Austria,  Spainand  the  Pope,  and  perstta^  ngthem  that 
reUgWft  was  in  dangev,  and  from  other  considerations,  at  la^t 
prevaUedupontii^m  tp  declare  war  against  France  and  she 
would  reimburse  them.  Her  conduct  at  this  time  wf  a  so  pijo- 
Yi>M!^  to  her  enemy,  that  no  pains  have  been  spa«jd  since  then 
%o  turn  the  u^tioris,  and  forpi  an  aBiancc,  against  her.  Tbua 
iave  they  exerud  theinSelves  in  opposition  to  each  oth^r,  bi 
wliicfi  tneaiis  thif  wlwleeontinent  of  Europe  has  l^n  andstij 
u  in  cammotian.  and  ^uflands  of  poor  souls  hurried  ii^,t' 
3iiorbi«f  epiriUhte)  graii^  ^^  ambiti©©. 


♦  *. 


(     7    ) 

curtstanccs  attending  it,  how  can  Americans  reasonably  ex- 
pect to  be  entirely  free  from  difficulty  ol  uny  kind  ? 

Having  premised  &uch  things  as  I  judged  necessarily  con- 
tiected  with  thru  subject,  I  shall  now  attend  to  the  process 
of  those  measures  auoi:ited  by  both  France  and  England, 
which  havt  been  and  still  uce  just  cause  of  complaint.   And 

'  in  order  to  dci'this  fairly,  I  shall  take  liberty  to  observe,  that 
after  the  armies  of  fcrreat-Biituin  had  been  driven  out  of 
France,  and  all  hope  of  cbn(iuering  herm  the  ortiinaryway 
of  warfare  was  exhausted,  England  devised  the  new  atld 
cruel  mode  of  starvation.  *  Every  revolutionary  American 
knows  that  when  any  country  is  the  scat  of  war,  subsistence 
becomes  difficult.  They  have  gbne  through  such  scenes, 
nftd  can  recollect  the  time  and  place  when  a  crust  of  brown 
bread  wad  very  accfcptable.  In  these  circumstujicfcs,  how 
hard  htaited  the  Wretch  must  have  appeared  who  would 
have  snatched  the  morsel  from  their  trembling  hands,  and 
then  laughed  and  exulted  at  their  distress.  This  was  the 
utiiadon  of  the  French  people  in  consequence  of  their  coun- 
try being  the  seat  of  war  :  and  not  having  the  means  of 
•subsistence  within  themselves,  they  were  obliged  to  look 

.  for  it  from  another  qHiarter.  The  Americans,  as  well  as 
othet«  who  stobd  neuter,  possessing  a  surplus  of  the  neces* 
sanies  of  life  which  they  wanted,  and  no  doubt  sympathising 
Wxdi  them  in  their  afHictions,  and  also  desiring  to  carry 
^eir'pf  oduce  to  th^  best  *  market,  accprdii^Iy  cleared  for 
iPrcnch  ports ;  but  the  English,  who  were  straining  ©very 

*  This  could  only  b^  effected  by  keepinj^  them  so  involvtd  Iwr 
land  that  they  could  not  cultivate  the  ground,  and  by  destroying 
the  lawful  commerce  of  all  nations  who -were  not  at  wi^  with 

Hhem  ;  and  having  th«  whole  continent  in  their  favor,  which  the 
thought  sufficient  to  effect  the  first,  while  their  fleets 'should  b^ 

,parcellcd  put  in  every  direetion,  to  fxecute  tlje  second  B^  these 
means  the  French  were  brought  Into  straightened  circumstan- 

..ces  V  provisions  were  very  scarce,  and  consequently  dear  ;  the 

Soor  were  suffering  on  the  account.    Their  cries  reached  Great- 
-J!****'*V.*"dl Iceland;  contributions  were  made,  and  s^ntoverhv 
.  pi'opeir  persons,  tbr  their  »eiietV  and  thereby  they  Wf|^  deUv^re^ 
I'rom  |be  cruelty  of  the  devise  in  tU^  extreme. 


I 


_  (     8     ) 

Bene  to  crush  th.  French,  wouW  not  ""«"• 'h*«  "^ ""'^ 
lir  ports,  thereby  violHting  the  right,  Ofmdependent  neu- 
^  na^on  .  «s  well  ^  U.e dictates  of  humamty, or.ly  b.ma 
^ri^ofrcvengeapinsttheirenemi...    Tj7"--t»n. 
ced  what  would  be  natural  to  any  naUon  ?  It »  wid, «  hun- 
o^t'S  break  through  a  stone  wall."  but  the  French 
fere  encompassed  by  the  British  navy,  which  was  wo«e, 
Z  worse  to  break  through  ;  because  it  was  certain  they  . 
7ere  watching  the  motions  of  the  neutrals  m  every  quar- 
TrT and  although  they  «ightpossJbly  escape  «.me  ttwas 
hardly  practicaWe  to  elude  the  Tigilance  of  the  whole.  Yet 
Sly  made  the  attempt,  and  succeeded,  at  least  m  pa  t. 
S  no  doubt  remember  when  wheat  was  from  two  and  aa- 
Stlthree  dolUrs  per  bushel  in  Albany:   If  yo^^^^ 

remember  it,  it  was  the  case  ;  and  the  »«>P<='' j*«' J'* 
Srb  New-York,  waiting  for  their  cargoes,  m  order  to  re- 
*      "  tSsuffe A,B  brethren.    While  on  their  way,  how 
a^  ous  must  they  have  felt  fbrtheir  safety,  huvmg  futher, 
rLrs,  brethren' and  sUtejs^c.  waiting,  It^^^^aye 

fearinit  their  safe  return.    This  appears  as  similar  to  Ja- 

Sr^ldLg  his  sons  down  to  Egypt  to  buy  corn,  as  any 

hing  mvefver  read  or  realised.    Both  had  to  go  prep-r- 

ed^  fight  their  passage.  a,d,bgth  were  ve^r  uncertain  o* 

*"VrBerli«  decree  has  been  justly  compl^dof,« 
Kiae  to  neutrals  •,  but  the  foregoing  (act,  which  wasprior 
^^  rS  tavdly  menti,».ed.  Great-Britain  had  not 
TvSetX  of  a  L«..  toscreen  her  f«mi  that  Just 
^CwTeit  which  every  honest  man  mu«  ffeel  in  such  cb- 
resennnei  jr  j,  ^.^  enemies,  and  the 

fl^,^,,  ^^^^'..^^.i^^B*  Sewme  year,  to  stop  and  detain  lUlV^^ 
Arv  VI  council,  Nov.  0,  me  same  3^l*»     „  «„.„-- 
^iVclrry.inff  ptovUions  to  tUe  coiomw  of  fm^ 


WH 


filter 
k  neu- 
roma 
nstan- 
*hiin- 
rench 
trorsC) 
ntbcy  . 

quar- 

itwas 
5.  Yet 
n  part, 
aud  an 
do  not 
ct  was 
r  to  re- 
ly, how 
iathers, 
and  yet 

to  Ja- 

as  any 
prepar- 
rtainoi^ 

doTrad 
a»  prior 
had  not 
hat  ju3t 
uch  clr- 
and  tke 
ardityof 

lowSedge 
1793*  by 
1,  meal  eft 
lotheror- 

jiaTiY^^ 


Al8i?ropOBition  is  so  glaring  that  it  cannot  be  hid,  yet  some 
^avc  ,be/en  so  hardy  »f  to  venture  its  vindication.  In  order 
to  retaliate  on,the  English  for  this  and  sinular  conduct,  the 
Berlin  decree  was  passed  :  but  what  efficacy  was  there  in 
paper  decrees,  when  not  curried  into  effect  ?  The  French 
were  not  able  to  enforce  th«;ir  decrees,  ami  the  English 
knew  it  very  well  ;  but  yet  under  this  decree,  they  might 
pick  up  a  few  vcsselsi  whether  English  or  others, and  have 
uoipe  show  at.lca&t*  of  defense  for  their  conduct. 

It .  \s  been  frequently  argued,  tliat  the  orde.  -  in  council 
were  issued  in  consequence  of  the  decrees  of  France  j  but 
I  cannot  tlunk  so,  because  before  either  were  issued,  the 
English  admirals,  captains,  and  underlings,  had  done  just 
as  they  pleased,  when  they  had  opportunity.  For  instance^ 
they  impressed  our  men,  regardless  of  theit-  governmentji. 
which  had  promised  to  protect  theiji ;  they  had  forced  them 
into  their  service,  and  al  the  pdlnt  of  the  bayonet  obliged 
tliem  to  fight  and  plunder  both  their  own  neighbors  and  kin- 
dred. But  they  have  done  even  worse  than  this  ;  they  kil- 
led Pearce,  as  though  th«y  wished  to  convmce  Americans, 
if  possible,  that  they  were  still  their  implacable  enemies. — 
*^And  they  have  not  stopped  here.  Shortly  after,  and  very 
unexpectedly,  they  attacked  one  of  pur  national  ships  ^  sev- 
eral  men  were  killed,  others  were  wounded,  and  others  • 
were  carried  off  prisoners,  and  all  as  unjustly  as  can  possir* 
bly  he  conceived  of.  If  such  is  the  wickedness  of  Great- 
Britain  towards  America,  while  she  is  constantly  holding 
out  the  oUve  branch,  and  using  every  mean  to  conciliate 
them  j  if  they  are  so  far  lost  to  all  that  is  esteemed  honest 
and  honorable,  even  among  barbarous  nations,  that  they 
will  treat  their  best  friends  as  though  they  were  their  worst 
enemies,  and  in  a  state  of  warfare,  what  is  to  be  expected 
of  them  towards  their  avowed  and  open  enemies  ? 

Next  Mow  the  onters  iff  council.  You  will  here  please 
to  observe  three  things  :  Fu*st,  the  killing  of  PeirTce  j  this 
Wfts  di«|yow6dby  t|ie  inurder^r*s  govcfument,  but  eftera 


f 


'!   ■• 


(    10    ) 

sham  trial  he  had  Mb  sword  restored  to  him,  M>d  wa?  pw- 
ttoted  to  greater  honor,  for  hi»  meritorious  conduct  in  WI- 
Ibg  aB  American.    Se«^ndly,  BwUey  was  recaHed  from 
W.  stotion  at  Halifex,  for  ordering  the  attack  on  *«««.«. 
apeake,  (a«<Aey  say)  but  how  can  wc  betteve  them  thatthi. 
small  sausftction  was  the  real  cause,  when.  Thirdly,  ma 
few  weeks  after,  they  issued  thdr  pernicious  orders  m 
council !    Was  this  m^ure  calculated  to  make  repafatton 
to  the  Americans  •^>rthe  unparalleled  injuries  they  had 
received,  or  to .  .eal  tr.eir  wounds  by  conwnang  them  of  the 
sincerity  of  the  British  cabinet  in  disavowmg  the  conduct 
of  their  seiyants  ?   Most  ceruanly  not ;  bat  quite  the  re- 
verse :  and  Americans  might  have  been  convmced  at  that 
ijime  what  the  conduct  of  that  government  worfd  be  to- 
warfs  them.    For  myself,  1  wa«  convinced,  and  I  tove  not 
been  decrived.    I  had  full  amvicUgn,  from  the  orders  m 
«>uncil  and  the  insuWfig  language  of  their  mimater.  Rose, 
that  they  meant  to  drive  America  into  their  measures,  if 
posMble.    1  said  then,  and  I  say  r  >w,  that  Great-Bnt^ 
never  intended  to  make  reparatiai  for  the  attack  on  tho 
Chesapeake,  or  for  any  other  in^try,  unless  compelled  to  Jt 
■m  some  wuy  or  other.    She  knew  that  war  weTs  dreaded  b^ 
every  A;nerican  as  the  worst  of  evils,  and  that  rt.ey  wouW 
endure  almost  every  thing  rather  than  engage  in  the  shed- 
ding of  blood.    She  has  long  been  jealous  of  America,  and 
fearing  her  rapid  growA,  and  consequently  stren^,  both 
by  ^a  a™i  land,  and  remembering  how  she  had  depnved 
l«rself  of  the  advantages  ariang  from  the  trade  of  these 
states,  as  colonies,  afld  foswring  a»  idea  that  something 
miKht  be  done  towards  bringing  them  back  at  this  ttme— 
under  these  hnpressions,  I  make  no  doubt,  the  orders^were 
Ptoed.    But  some  will  say,  tho*  this  could  not h-  ^  Great- 
Britain  l.ashad  no  idea  of  bringing  the  Umted  States  tack 
to  their  colonial  co;>dition.    But  if  she  had  not  such  an  idea, 
why  did  she  presume  to  tax  cheir  produce,  if  exportsd  to 
her  port*,  making  this  tax  payabl*  ii*>|5i:;WnA^'T'. 


aftei 


ct  in  kit- 
led  from 
[le  Chea« 
tthatthit 
dlfj  in  9 
orders  in 
epaifiition 
they  had 
leni  of  the 
B conduct 
5  the  Te- 
«d  at  that 
Id  be  to- 
I  have  not 
orders  in 
Iter,  Rose, 
easuresjif 
Bat-Biit^ 
ck  on  tho 
;)elled  to  2t 
ireaded  hf 
iey  would 
I  the  shed- 
[leiica,  and 
ngth,  both 
i  deprived 
e  of  tbese 
something 
Jibtime-r- 
jrderswere 
\y.^ ;  Great- 
States  back 
aehanidea) 
e;xport2d  to 


(      H      ) 

after  unlading  for  that  purpose  and  paying  a  heavy  bill  of 
expense  consequent  thereon^  before  pernussion.  could  be 
obtedned  to  relade  ;  and  after  all  this  trouble  and  expens^, 
they  must  purchase  siUcenae  from  the  British  government, 
before  they  could  proceed  on  their  voyage.    Is  not  this 
t^rse  tha»any  \hm^thal  government  attempted  to  impose 
on  u^  ^hile  we  were  colonies  ?   Wa^  the  Stamfi  Jet  and 
o^er  duties  the^i  Md  upon  us  half  so  degrading  ?   And 
wo^dn^it  ;^ubmi»sion  to  these  orders  degrade  America  be- 
li^th  what  they  were  whien  colonies  i    lilost  certainly  .-— 
And  are  ypU  disposed  to  submit  once  more — ^to  bow  the 
knee  to  his  inost  dracioua  majesty,Oeorge  the  third  ?  No, 
repliea  a  good  old  revolutionaiy  veteran  ;  I  have  foqght 
and  bled  to  gain  the  indepjendenceo.f  my  country,  andl  will 
ag^in  shoulder  my  musket  iMid  take,  tlie  field  in  support  of 
it.     The1ibertie«14^ve  asMsted in  acquiring,  Ibequeath 
a^  a  sacrtd  gift  to  my  posterity,  a^d  may  they  long  possess 
\ns^om  and  virtue  ijfjfitic^nt  duly  to  estinmte  thdc  value. 
'  Well,  but,  *e^sa^4^e,c>to        avc^d  going  into 
English  pbrb  '«rith  ouf  pwj^ce,  id  thereby  kci^  clear  of 
paying  taxesi  duties,  fee.  fee.  ?  Yes,  you  may  decline  gdng 
into  their  ports,  but  i^bat  then  ?    Why  by  virtue  of  those 
orders,  you  are  a  lawful  pr«c,  if  taken,  merely  for  disobey* 
ing  those  ordeti,  v^Oiout  a?ay  pos«bU  way  of  escaping 
from  ^e  toss  bdtfi  of  diip  Mid  cargo.    Tlik  Is  a  plmttstate' 
iti^tof&ecase,and  Mr.  ^luOng'  <^  l^rltSsh  rokiisteJv 
•^HHc^  deny  kv    How  ^ien»ean  any  man  wh»  has  ^fnerl- 
can  W^  in  Mb  ¥^$,  ani  values^he  ^dependence  of  his 
country,  apologise^  ibr  lliese  orders  when  aubndsi^  to 
them  destroya  l«»  independence!  laik,  then,  vvho  can^^ 
nously  be&ve  olh^vwisethanthatilceat  ButslnliBsin  eve^ 
respect  maaifrsted  an  ^mftwndly  ^Ki^ositien  towanis  U8.r«* 
'Wio  is  there  amok^  a»who  canjrecur  to  dm/^ioidciixuiii- 
stances  ^aths^rc  past^wi^  cemembera  thelcobslliiacy  m^ 
rt^sjuag  to  gixe  up  the  ^mstarn  posts  agreealdy  to  their 


W«Jii    .i|»» 


\- 


\ 


w 


rf  Canada,  by  J.i»  speeches,  to  set  tKe  t^^ero«s  .a^g^ . 

on  our  bacWs-their  rumous  depredations  on  our  cpm- 

„erce  in  'Ss-thp  murf^r  of  Pearce,  whose  death  »  yet 

„natoned'fo.-tl«=if  '^te  attempt  again  to  «=«•  «1«^  ^^^'''n 

,apon  u*-the  attack  on  theChewpeake,  an^  thernvrderol 

X ™en in  that  attact-and above aU,  their atte^ torn- 

salt  and  humble  us.by  thgir  orclers|ftcBm.c.l  =-I  "'V' «'  ° 

is  ther«  amongst  «8  (mi^ugenta  and  /.«r<«on,  «.d  o^ 

toriis  excepted)  who  can  calmly  «ew  aUthese  refeat^at. 

tempts  tdinjure  us, ?nd.yet  believe  that  Gteat-Bntain  has 

anv  Mendly  disposiuoh  towards  us,  or  that  they  seriously 

intendmakingus  ahyioparatiin  Jbrinjui^f*  *ejr  ll^e.  done 

■-■.,:  t  .-•      -  ■    ■  ■'■'.'.-  ■  ■       ■ 

"^  ■'■"  '  ■■'-.» 

very  diffet^tif  siiuatpd  w^resj^ct^^to  tfic  de-     | 

crees  of  Bpnaparte  i^^  ^epnyed;  of  W  pe^^^^l^^ 
even  our  hidependence:  as  a  li^^on  threatened,  somc^pg. 
to  maintaHi  tlx6  honor  and  s^ty^of  tt^nati^aWas  nece^. 

ttie  same 4^^^^ P  im^fx^mf^^mm^: 

and  vet  be'concUJ^W  towards  our  ene^es.    War  has 
:    been  ihe  "^  of  the  nat«>ns.  of  Europe,  aiwi  if  mfim^*^ 

ly  embark  hi  it,  it  wm  ^hwprove  our  ruin^    preat-Bntam,. 

W  her  -wars^nce  the  r^ign  of  WUlianumd  Mary,  a  period 
of  abo^  1¥)0  -yearii  ha&^i^^cdfed  herseU«|id^to^e  a- 
mo««it  of  more  t*ian  two  ^iouaffli44Enim«»s  ^^ «^1»''« » ^^^ 
ber  filets  ar^  nf^w  mmm  ui^r^i*lmo9t:iWPPJ>f  " 
able  burthen  of. t^^  which  are  ye«riy.  rai^d  to  p^y  efff  th^ 
mtersst  of  that;4#>t.    Holland,  Spain,  ^d  m^^^ 
states  of  EUfOpe^e  tiotlmucbhettercircun^  ^anced.    The 
immense  exl»en^  of  our  war  with  Britm  is  nr^  yet  forgot.  : 
t^.    ircostu*  tnoife  than  three  hundred  mrffionfiiof  dol- 
lars    INace,  thei^  is  the  p^  that  w^  ou^t  to  pursuei  if^ir* 
can  e(»aii^ntly  wit^ottr  honor-and  independen<le  r  andso^ 
*^^«^«Atftn  they  saw  no  aUen»liYebiitto%ht^ 


IS  *ayagi^ 
our  com- 
eath  »  yet 
le  savages 
mi^rderot 
iinpt  to  in- 
-isftyvwho 

ej^at^Jiat- 
Briialnhas 
y  seriously 
i  have  done 


i    '. 


ain^  andnot 
,by  tfie  de- 
l|gh^  and 
,'sbmet|iing 
«ras  nece?^^, 
cK  wMuid^t 
f  t^  natiotb 
.    War  has 
jiye.friBfluep*^ 
rreat-Britam,v 
aryi  a  period 
l^ttpJthea-: 
Mlars  J  jand 
atin^upiK^t- 

many  other, 
anced.    The 
ot  yet  forgot- : 
IHonfi-ordol*. 
►  purBue|tf"W»^ 

etKle/;  andtcM 
iYebiitto%h|t 


(    13    ) 

'6ur  tfray*  by  war,  in  our  trade  abroad,  or  to  keep  our  citizen^ 
and  property  at  home  by  an  embargo.  The  measure  of  the 
embargo  was  calculated  to  convince  the  world  tliat  we  wish- 
ed for  peace,  notwithstanding  all  the  injuries  that  had  been 
heaped  upon  us.  To  this  measure  there  has,  however, 
been  a  great  opposition,  as  tJiere  has  to  almost  every  mea- 
sure of  the  Republican  {administration. ,  All  those  in  oppo- 
sition have  nevertheless  been  at  a  loss  for  a  substitute'  for 
the  embargo  ;  and  when  pressed  to  propose  o?ie,  some  of 
tlie  most  unblushing  advocates  for  Britain  proposed  that 
we  should  treat  with  her  on  such  terms  as  she  would  be 
pleased  to  allow  us  ;  that  is,  to  submit  to  her  impositions 
tipon  us  and  go  to  war  with  France  in  order  to  repel  her 
aggressions.  Such  proposals  might  suit  a  tory  very  well  % 
but  to  wA2/*«,  to  those  who  vtev/  Britain  and  France  with  e* 
qual  indifference — who  value  the  peace,  honor,  and,  pros- 
perity of  their  own  country,  and  who  have  no  blind  partiali- 
ty to  any  other,  such  proposals  could  only  be  received  with 
I  Miorreniie  and  detestation. 

How  long  we  nay  be  suffered  to  enjoy  the  blessings  oC 
peace,  we  cannot  determine.     The  political  horizon  is  darlf ; 
and  portentous.     England,  it  appears,  by  her  late  attro?- 
cious  act  of  perfidy,  in  disavowing  the  negotiations  entered 
into  by  her  minister  here  with  our  government,  seems  us  ill 
disposed  toward  us  as  ever.     By  that  same  act  of  perfidy, 
too,  she  has  relieved  herself  from  the  distress  which  our 
embargo  and  non-intercourse  laws  had  thrown  her  into  ; 
as  she  has  nov^  become  supplied  with  cotton,,  provisions, 
and  other  articles  which  she  wanted  extremely,  and  ha« 
also  been  ei^abled  to  glut  our  markets  with  her  goods  and. 
manufactures  ;  so  that  she  can  now  hold  out  in  her  inif)ui- 

tous  course  a  while  longer.  With  ^™"'*^^*J^^^"^  ^^^ 
c^r  minister  tliere,  together  ^^'ith  the  t^miti^jp^i^^ 
forming  a  treaty  ;  but  Wliat  wijyi  be  the  riiilt  of  it^ptan- 
not  as  yet  conjecture. 

As  i  proceed,  it  becomes  necessary,  hewever  unpleasant 
it  may  b^s,  more  f^Iy  to  notice  the  late  conduct  of  the  Brit- 
ish, and  sti  ;'  the  particulars  of  their  cusuvowal  of  tlie  nego- 
tiation entered  into  by  their  minister  here.  This  i?  an  e- 
vent  which  stands,  and  probably  ever  will  stand  without  a 
parallel  in  the  history  of  nations. 

Last  spring,  IVIr.  Erskine  received  iHstrue.Ions  from  bis 
government,  that  his  majesty  was  disposed  to  settle  alii  dif- 

n 


I  1^  ) 

icrciices  then  subsisting  betwe-.a  the  two  governments,  and 
to  make  ample  reparation  for  the  injuries  they  had  done  j 
but  more  especially  the  attack  on  the  Chesapeake,  and  that 
if  he  found  a  amilar  disposition  on  our  part,  he  should  mak©^ 
arran^mients  to  carry  the  same  into  effect.    Accordingly, 
on  Ae  I7th  of  April,  last  past,  Mr.  Erskine  opened  the  ne- 
^ti^tion  with  our  government.   His  proportions  were  well 
recei-ycd.    Every  thing  succeeded  in  due  order,  in  the  name 
of  his  government,  until  he  had  given  the  mostampleassu- 
fsaiice  that  reparation  should  be  made,  and  that  the  orders 
in  cCAjpcil  should  be  withdrawn,  so  far  as  respected  Amen- 
ta, Iw  ♦hi  tenth  day  of  June,  last  past.    In  return,  and  at 
the  request  of  Mr.  Erskine,  our  government  pledged  itself 
that  the  non-i»tercourse  act  (which  had  just  passed)  should 
be  withdrawn  80  iar  as  respected  Grcat-Biitam  on  the  said 
tenth  oi  Juner  last  past.    The  business  of  negotiation  cm 
thoae  points  ijeing  thus  amicaWfelosed,  the  President  of 
jthe  Uui^  Stetes  gave  notice  thereof  by  proclamation,  on 
the  19^1  together  with  the  efficia]  documents  that  passed 
MOrt  t^  occaMtm.    Americans,  not  suspecting  either  the 
maisteror  his  government,  wer^%hly  graced,  not  only 
]beci«»etheo»nisterhai  acknowledged  the  efficacy  of  th» 
meJ^res  vlRch  o^  govenimcnt  bad  adopted,  but  because 
they  wllIM  fop  P«a«»  ««  i^^  ^^  honorable  terms,  and 
^y  nm  hoped  it  was  secuM.    With  this  pre^ctj  Fed- 
eroibr*  tftok  a  new  stand  i  before  it  took  place,  their  ciy 
imft  «  non-intercours*  worse  than  embargo  ;**  but  now  it 
tfM  a  saU}tary  measure,  and  they  wore  the  cause  both  of  it 
and  tiie  adjustment  which  had  taken  place  in  consequence 
ofiti  T^  WPS  a  great  miw^rftoreptAlicatis;  they  could 
—  *^  ^^  ^^^  „i^„^  ^^  had  frequently  declared 

t  pever  t^^£gT^?**lfj?f J^ 


^d 


our  Wfiteit  should 

iidon,bdl6lR 

sAmtegov- 

-h^msril 


p^  rej^aled, , ^  .       ,^ 

tJie  aatisonal  w  ^fftXL  as  in  «veral  ofl^ 

^e  pitjgiess  of  neeotiatik»,and  to  render  our  rtileifodteuj 
^  the  ^em  of  the  people— that  they  should  stepfon^rd 
«hA  de<^^,  «  we  have  sttcceeded  (as  instruments)  m  lay- 
^  a  foundrtien  for  ^c  retuw  of  peace  and  prospcnty  te 
«Rlt  ini^i?*^  ^wxntry. 


:s,anci 
lone  s 
id  that 
mak& 

tie  ne- 
ewell 
name 
stissu* 
orders 
Lmeii- 
andat 
I  itself 
should 
le  said 
ion  on 
ent  of 
ioni  on 
passed 
er  the 
ot  only 
ofth« 
ecause 
isy  and 
;t,  Fed* 
^r  cxj 
now  it 
th  of  it 
quente. 
sf  could 
lecbo^ 
if  peace 
ton  pro- 
should 
bothtn 

forward 
[)  in  fey- 
►eritf  t» 


) 

I  say  this  was  more  than  was  expected,  and  moi*e  than* 
tould  be  accounted  for  on  any  principle  hitherto  ex^locedy. 
except  this,  that  the  leaders  of  that  party  had  been  in  the 
iiabit  of  misrepresenting  tiiitl^,  and  propagating^  error.    %• 
pitjve  this,  I  need  only  refer  you  to  their  public  speeches^ 
letters,  and  pamphlets ;  read  Mr.  Pickering's  speech  in  the 
seB  te,  his  letter  to  Governor  Sullivan,  with  many  vindica- 
tions by  other  hands,  to  wit,  Messrs^  Bayard  and  Hillhousef 
in  the  senate.    In  reading,  mar!:  well  the  constant  inundar 
tion  of  invective,  pouting  forth  in  torrents  on  the  heads  of- 
departments,  especially  the  president  and  secretary  of  state* 
charging  them  with  dishonesty,  partiality,  duplicity  and  hyy 
pocrisy,  and  all  thdr  adherents  with  worse,  if  possible  ;^  and 
yet,  when  by  their  honest  and  ^plght^iecseverKQiselBicight 
prindplefift  llwy^^ad  wchieved  aUmrel,  (thec(mfidcnc©<il 
the  peop^  jmd  well  deserve  to  wear  it  m  their. J^rowwA- 
ihofie  «etf  Admirers,  although  congous  tha^  they.hil 
justly  repTol^ted  themselves  from  any,  even  the  l^^  ich 
grce  of  nght  to  claim  in  the  affair,  yet  we  see  th^o  in  ^wdur 
tisuai  vaunting  manner,  impute  the  whole, to  ttieir^^nsi^ 
exertions  inoppontion  to  the  general  gov^smment!  Their 
p^e^  sup^rted  by  sdf  will,  would  not  «i#er  them  to  yield 
ioconvictionk  "  •,>; -q-i^n;? 

1^  next  i^p  which  ^ley  took  to  deceive  the  pe0{^> 
afndrob  theii  nder&eftheirGoi^l^BiMre  was,  that  ^e^m 
propositions  made  by  £i*skine  tx>  our  'gpovemm^^  had  been 
made  by  Rose  eigbtsen  months  before,  and  that  t>ur;gfyfk 
eminent  hadj^|ected  them  %  but  as  Mr.  Rose  never  made 
any  propositioKi  to  our  govemxneiit,  they  wei:e  easily  de^ 
tected  sEBd  refuted  ;  besftdef,  by  their  foUy  k  pip;9&s|inglo 
support;  what  was  'm.  tti^.,iiuiUppoftab^^i|^^M 
thetnselvett  to  ^^"^^^^^^^^//iUM^^^^^^^^ 

raUstsli^PII^  Repubvi|k$  are 
moonniiiJfCHHHHppip^unt}  as  thi^  Revolvement  cannot 
be  imputed  Id'^Ffl^rniiient;  but  must  certainly  rest  be* 
twee'a  the  foreign  mmist^  vid  his  government  s  I^t  \v- 
repose  a  just  imd  ref^so^ia^e  confideftce  in  Qiir  riders,  thv 
OS  l^«y  have  hitherto  watched  over  the  interests  ol  the  iia- 
^on  with  imremkted  assiduity,  they  wiil  cootlnuje  to  use 


43k 


.■•«• 


T  ,1 Ki 


not  but  they  feel  anxiously  ccmcemed  for  both,  and  they  will 
not  be  ^vandog  in  giving  timely  notice  of  every  event  in 


(     16     ) 

wMci.  the  »Hion  U  interested.  As  a  P'-^J^^^ '^.  ^'^  ;;;* 
bave  had  the  President's  proclamation  adyismg,  that  as  tne 
S^ersin  council  were  not  repealed  on  the  tenth  of  June 
Ae  non-intercourse  which  was  st.spended  on  these  condi- 
ti"s  now  in  full  force,  as  though  such  stipulauon  had 
n^  taken  place.  Here  is  full  proof  of  the  """"/"bast- 
ing between  the  present  and  former  president ;  and  J  hope 
hh  good  friends  will  not  fall  off  on  thisaccount,yorAe«.«« 

"  ^m(v"e  cause  may  originate,  we  find  ourselves 
thrown  back  on  the  former  administrauon,  ha«ng  no  bet- 
ter  pt<«pect8  than  we  h«d  last  winter.*  That  Mr.  Ei  skine 
should  meditate  such  an  event,  is  not  reasonable.    As  an 

^glUhn'»n.h«  would  "ot  d«"^'= '»^?Tf  ^  Lf  ^S' 
Semim  and  a  scholar,  and  as  comi>etent »  his  tagh  s^^'^on, 

he  could  not  he  deceived,  especially  «» !>« ''fj^  *""Xt8 
^e  to  know  the  mind  of  his  government  on  those  points 
before  tWs!  and  further,  the  proposiuoiis  embraced  no 
Sore  ttontherhad  said  theywere  willing  to  do,  except  th* 
i^scindingofthe  orders  in  council.  ;- -     .„,ii  »«,-,»- 

1  aril,  then,  how  could  he  be  deceived  in  so  small  a  mat- 
tor  ?r  don"  believe  that  he  was  either  deceived  or  mistaj 
1^.  but  that  he  did  exactly  as  he  was  instructed  to  do,  and 
&Xtho«  who  are  his  enemies  wUl  yet  shmk  from  the. 

™KS^  very  probable  to  me,  that  Mr.  Erskine  recei- 
,eitb^^^aonsinthe  form  ^y}}^^^J^^^ 
^  to  our  toVemme«,  and  that  he  4id  no  more  than  copy 
S^  Thrhasbeensugfee«ted.in  Jhe  Enfciish  I^U^en^ 
^h*i»  they  have  Ukely  before  tWs  time  ascertained  the  fart. 


ior'oo'fiifor  bcsltati*n^;    in  this  K^it^:j;^,^}lC^^^^ 
4)oastea  national  Uonoy  is  now  very  low,«ia  ^.//.^^^^^'^av 
t^iltifemselve.  of  the  temporary  jfj^^Xr      tS^^^^^ 
jrain  by  fraud  ui  one  way,  tbegr  w.ll  try  another.      ^^}^y ^^    ^ 
fhcir  satisfart.GR  that  Rose  w      .ot  the  *«;"•  ^^^Jj^^J/J'p^^^^^^^^ 
stood  too   ow  inUieqsteeofio.  ^^  f>''Z''^f^,X^VJ^^ 

i«a  appoint  a  hian  highly  esteemed  both »"  «»«J^"  V  *^i'"  ^^^^^ 
^0^;  they «.l8ov44eirmo4eof^^d^dwi^^ 


iheir  re*l  and  prcnaeOil^ted  design. 


i7    )' 

Should  this  be  substaijtiated  before  one  moiUb,  by  official 
documents,  how  many  of  our  Americans  will  believe  Mr. 
Bayard,  where  he  says,  «  P2ngland  is  8ot  our  enerny,  nor 
does  a  necessity  exist  to  make  her  so."  Perhaps  England 
has  overshot  the  mark  for  once,  and  gone  farther  than  she 
intended  ;  but  will  this  help  the  matter  ?  No  ;  for  she  can-, 
not  go  backwards  if  it  were  for  her  interest  so  to  do.  This 
you  have  seen  in  the  revolution,  and  depend  upon  i.*j  y6u 
will  see  it  again,  as  far  as  her  power  extends.  It  is  often 
said  England  does  not  want  to  go  to  war  with  America.  So 
it  was  said  by  many  before  the  revohitioft  ;  but  they  found 
the  contrary,  and  you  would  find  so^now  if  she  were  pos- 
sessed of  the  means  ;  this  is  all'thaf  laves  you  from  her  ar- 
mies as  heietofore. 

Again  it  is  said  it  is  for  her  interest  to  be  at  peace  with 
America.    If  she  thought  so,  we  should  have  had  a  treaty 
before  this  time,  but  the  fact  is,  she  cannot  be  at  peace  ;  jt 
is  contrary  to  the  possibility  of  her  existence.     Without 
the  plunder  of  war,  she  cannot  exist ;  by  this  she  has  been 
supported  for  many  years  back,  and  when  no  longer  able  to 
support  herself  in  this  way,  she  must  inevitably  fall.    Her 
apologists  in  this  country  know  this,  hence  they  tell  us  she 
is  fighting  for  her  existence.  But  what  do  they  mean  ?  Is  it 
that  other  nkions  will  not  suffer  her  to  be  in  peace  ?    No  ; 
they  know  better  ;  they  know  that  her  fleets  must  be  sup- 
ported, and  this  cannot  be  done  unless  they  are  in  motion  | 
and  being  in  motion,  war  in  some  kind  or  other  is  their  ob- 
ject, and  that  frecjuently  on  their  fi-iendis.     Instance  the  ta- 
king the  Danish  fleet  and  the  burning  of  Copenhagen,  and 
the  attack  on  the  Chesapeake,  ordered  by  Admiral  Berk-' 
ley.    Each  of  these- were  iinpit>i^ke(l  mManmmfktm!^ 
yet  premeditated,  which  plainly  piiioTes^'^at  ihef^iJ^KHf ., 
^riff^hadrather)  will  not  be  at  peace.    If  such  fuiits  * 
tan  be  d\'terlooked  by  Americans,  through  an  over-we^ning 
partis^ty  towards  a  po^wer  whoSe  tender  mercies  are  knoWii 
to  be  so  cruel,  what  wiU  awaken  them  to  a  sense  of  their 
danger  ?  But  it  is  said  these  were  notthe.acts  of  govern- 
ment :    The  fir^t  was  expiessly  so  5  and  the  last,  by  being 
ordered  By  her  servant  in  a  highly  important  station,  bge 
came  so,  for  the  want  of  reparation  being  made  for  the  ag- 
gression. , 

This  that  government  has  now  utterly  refused  to  dojtho* 
pledged  to  the  pertormance  by  their  jninister  to  our  gov- 

£2  ' 


^" ' 


{IB 

th.s  act  ot  the  basest^rw  ^^^  „f  „„,  own^over*- 

own  Sovennnent  do  we  deuvetM  mw 

est  siruggic  w        i^^uir^u  th^  idea."  cnes  every  honest  A- 
ihed  for  freedom,  forbids  the  mea,  ^  «      ^        ^ 

merican  irom  east  to  l#»t  and  ^^^J^.^^^j^^^'i^^^ 

honest  WSD  to  stand  or  fell  with  «.  T°^"!?'V^  f^  fo^ 
ted,  the  question  ag.ii>  ^'™S' ".^^^tltofS.  ^ 
the  support  'iJ'"^^)L^r^'ZVt^^ 

dvevhat  vou  ought  net  to  do.  •'™*  T^™  .tTST  tu« 
^sJge  in  ^"^"^'^'ri'lja  inearknd^  Uut  it  i»  unjust 

tbmeiBMlmi'eS' 


Thiswafthe  Sp^  ea»w  o^*"  <=''"^'**"r;w^ 
STtS^TK^  opened  ?^~^yrX^^^ 

ureht  lecommended  waa  wrong  ot  course.    »"' "      ^^ 
^J^tified  thipoUcy  of  tl,e  "^^T'^^l^n^X 

^^rSori-y  SWVernm^^o'l- -<2::^^^; 
iiolatioaitf  its  tews.    p»^  uw»c  «.*  v-  '-J^~z2r..,^Y^^ 
fc^lSfottwoyeaFi  past,  we  should  long  ag?^^^e"to»*'^ 
^^rtd  to  cur  usual  ^^rospenty. 


ne  issue 
the  wis* 

I  to  dear- 


1 


(      m    ) 

;  In  the  next  place  I  would  observe*  that  a^r  havifig  bf 
your  iuffbiges  raised  men  t»  take  eharge  oC  your  naiioiitik 
concerns  and  to  preside  over  your  deatwiles,yo\|.  ought  w^ 
Mi^^rt  them  in  their  oSkSal  andKSt^irpi^saie  charact*r» 
by  every  means  consistent  with  troth,  h^r  and  honestv^ 
if  this  be  not  done,  you  dirow  embartissments  in  their 
way  which,  in  difficult  times,  have  a  ruittMis  tendency?*    It 
they  have  to  contend,  a&  in  the  present  cage,  with  grew  and 
powerful  opponents,  in  the  same  proporti^  as  opposition  is 
raised  to  them  at  home,  will  a  perseverance  in  oppoamon; 
to  them  be  encouraged  from-  iibroad.    The  instance  before 
us  is  a  striking  one  to  illustrate  thi»  position.    If  Great- 
Britain  had  found  ua^  uwtedwid  determined  to  support 
our  rights  ;  if  she  had  not  bew  encouraged  by  a  host  ot 
adherents  here,  depend  onk  she  never  would  have  perscn 
vercdmtbc  stepsshe  ha&taken.    But  she  has  found  us  di- 
vided at  home,  alfcd  she  has  filmed  hopes  (vain  hopea,  I 
trust)  that  by  means  of  this  divlsi^ii,  dhe  can  effect  her  sel- 
fifkh  jjurposee.    In  repiMca,  there  ia  t^  time  m  which  the 
J8III  isi  1^  solem  4i|^«ehe  so  stia^aa  ki  prUous  and 
■Wi^s^^^meA.  -r^mSGek^^S^Brnt  was  m>  senable  of  tins, 
tet  in  Mwh  timea  a  Dictator  was  chosen  who  possessed  ab« 
solute  and  despotic  power  over  tlie  state  until  the  trpiublcft 
and  dangers  were  over.    I  am  not  contending^  for  a^dictai* 
forship  at  any  time  in  our  government ;  bnt  this  I  will  say*  ,^ 
4fegtj»  Aiio^itaitaeftteeiit,  e«ery.h«ie«tm^«ii^tt».   ^^ 

}tve9i    But  alas 

amobgfltiMk  JMt|^ 

Qreat-^tMo^^ai^'^L,.^  .^,r-^„-,^-^.         ^     ^ 

eiia^4Bd  fl^-iy  otherUBf^WI^  had  the  h»r^ 
hood  t<if  tell  us  t6  our  teeth,  that  "Gteat-BHtain  has  done 
us  no  essential  injury .'*  Almost  e^er^  petty  nierch«ii 
who  imagkiea  that  his  success  in  retailing  stayt^e  »nd 
buckram  dependp  n  the  liMinufactures  of  Great-Brwain— 
every  despkabl^^^tart  who  foncies  that  all  ^vkich  enoi:dea 
humun  nature  ilHRe  dressed  in  ^  fi  :.e  coatof  Bridahman- 
tjfiiCture,  were  loiid  in  their  invectives  ^inst  our  g;ovem- 
ment  fot?  not  truckling  to  Brit^  ;  ai'd  when  the  news 
foaehed  usy  at  Jthe  last  elecdon,  that  Britaii^throughhcr 


(  .20     ) 
A..t  .he  had  offered  us  the'same  terms  of  accommodation 
rl:1^.T8 "months  before,  and  that  -r  gove^me^t, 
{hrough  stubJ>omn.s|  -'l,^"-  rS  ^  ^^^^^^^^        . 

3siidKKtS-rthT^^^^^^^ 

Wri^^  decked  Ih'ey  would  treat  in  no  such  .^msw.U.^.s, 
«Vi  VKmt  thpir  minister  was  not  authorised  to  otter  the  sdine* 
Do  you\^?t  ecXS  that  w.,  lately  raised  by  these 
TOisffie  creatures  that  Jefferson  was  a  bad  ""^  '  .'^"h«  . 
^ me  Drooosidons  had  been  offered  to  him  by  Bntam  8 
rnthrbE  but  that  Madison  was  a  good  man,- and  a 
fidiraU^U  and  therefore  he  had  accepted  thera.  , 

Fellow-Citizens,  ;  , 

There  is  a  set  of  men  amongst  us  who  once  possessed 
p„™lich  they  abused,  and  of  course  they  were  smp- 
Sfed  of  it  by  their  masters,  the  sovereign  people.    These: 
Wn  l»ve  lonp  f-lshed  for  a  war  with  France,™  orferth^ 
u  ^rsh^Jwtelhlis^tounitp  more  cVP-^XEng^^, 
■    ioihat  Enelish  hrinatde;  Mid  of  couwe  ti»e  EngUshtorm 
■  cf  ^.nSu,  should  be<«»ne  better  liked,  and  more  fesb- 
''■   iSe  araonast  us.    AVtl<e,h!fad  of  these   menstwda 
S^l^X^AMith  Ui»j»i9«  deeply  deploredmEng- 
t:  ■  S'^ .rSS|K^L|i|iy||gRaistB here.    These  same 
t  J  f^HHBIS^S^  antl  address  to  man- 
^raud  SodwhTtheUte  P^nt  Adams  |  but  he  at 

ice  st^  ;  «..d  conscious  .that  they  ^^ver  nseagam 
^  the  mer  ts  of  thur  own  principle?,  anaconuuci  ».™.»^ 
™vv^,  iher  have  constaMly  endeuTored  to_^Tneotem 
5^'?,,.  rlu'.acan  administrations  of  Jeffersot,,and  Mad- 
fson,' ta  hopes  that  by  ni^g  ™ '"'^''''^t  ciy  usamsi^^r.!,. 

^k"wn devaerits  wovrtd  b«  ihe  w^re  easily  foi-gotten^ 


(     21     )•  i 

Any  one,  however,  who  closely  inspects  their  conduct,  and 
perceives  the  inconsistency  of  their  declarations  atone  time 
compared  with  those  made  at  anothei^ — who  perceives  ho\i^ 
they  can  wrigjjle  and  twist  and  distoit  themselves  into  id- 
tnost  every  shape,  to  gain  the  favor  of  the  people  ;  andin 
short,  who  perceives  that  at  bottom  their  leaders  are  aris- 
tocrats and  monarchists  at  heart,  who  cOuld  wink  as  easily 
and  coin|K)sedly  at  the  treason  of  a  Burr,  or  the  project  of 
a  dismemberment  of  the  JSTcw-England  aiatea  from  the  unioni 
as  they  can  at  eveiy  imposition  the  British  have  practised 
on  us  ;  such  will,  with  me,  be  convinced  that  these  men 
are  unworthy  public  confidence,  and  ought  not  to  be  trusted 
with  the  concenis  of  the  nation.  "  ' 

Notwithstanding,  however,  that  we  have  detected  so  ina»» 
My  of  their  falsehoods,  their  absurdities,  and  their  deviations 
from  the  duties  of  patriotism,  we  are  willing  to  adnadt,  that 
such  corruption  of  principles  is  confined  to  a  few,  imd  that 
the  great  body  of  the  people  aie  honest  and  sincere  in  their 
professed  attachment  t^  their  country  fend  government,  and 
that  they  will  give  such  demonstrative  proofs  of  the  same) 
as  shall  convince  our  enemies  that  they  have  principles  and 
judgment  of  theii  own  which  they  wr|l  exercise  indepen- 
dent of  any  British  or  other  partisan  ot  emissary  amongst 
us.  ^ 

The  precepts  of  ttie  gospel  teach  us  to  believe  that  the 
severest  dispensations  of  jirovidence  are  blcs^gs  ia  dis» 
guisevin  as  much  as  they  are  fitted  ultimately  to  jwomote 
ot^r  happiness.  May  not  tliis  be  said  with  much  tenth  of 
the  late  lirrangemems  with, -and  the  disavowal  by. the  Brit-* 
ish  gbvfcmment  l\  The  former  lias  irresistibly  proofed  tijc 
inipartklity  <^Wr,|^ernn&ent,  and  the  latter  as  strongly 
evinces  the  little  justice  we  have  reason  to  expect  from  the 
Bridsh  ministry^  ^ 

Our  union  aihoag  ourselves  is- infinitely  more  important 
than  the  ifrowns  or  lavpr^  of  the  whole  foreign  world..  It  i^ 
only  froth  pur  own  divisions  that  we  have  an^  thing  serious 
to  fear.  Other  events  may  expose  u^  to  tcriiporary  incon- 
venience and  injuiy ;  but  so  long  as  we  remain  firmly  de-^ 
termined  to  support  o\xt  own  government,  We  may  laugh 
at  the  daiigeji  that  belet  us.      They  may  impedi  our 


growth,  but  cannot  destroy  it*     They  may  embajrass  p^^ 
yji^ustry,  but  cannot  crush  i^ 


(    22    y 
There  it  ii»do«4gM«t  truth  in  the  «d»ge,  thrt  <^S«^ 

deep  a  root,  or  aosnm  w  c»«.-.™.»  »  ":''"" 'i;"~.:„ii,  •«. 
fcr5ie»««»rti»rfHe«*«>th»l  beat  upon  H.    It  maybeee- 

S««f«»Sw«UiWlon  of  our  virtues,  th«t  we  *»>«■"  fceJ 

fa^M  •»«»  «•  »V  o*«™-    We  shall  leurn  «»  ''•I^^* 

iSS^'md  let  «  due  ^e  <^.  .'^^^T^'^Jl 
5n™»iM  it  with  th.  wreiehed  condiuoo  of  other  i»Uod* 
WeDlbrm  »^rtuou»  iwtiomil  chfttacter,  and  cease  te 

'^S^S,vS7.W^'Se  value  of  our  n.hts.  «»-'- 

Md  reidtae  th«*lt  reqta««*  «»  much  virtue  anfl  vnsoom  to 

de^  rf^Knd^tance  whlcUhave  violatedour  com- 

S  ^^tSTTcouncn  of  the  6th  of  Kovej*er  of 
.  «i>e  H^  year.to  stop  *£  4«tam  ^1  ve»v_         ^g  pro 
Srioww  the  cotome.  of  Fww  5  ^e J^  .    ^j,^^ 

nttn  «u  that  C««l«»»  P»*ed  » I4W  *  «*«^*^J^^, 

' '^"    neaaure  neceft* 
Hin;btrtfe» 

'aSi:\rin»rii  adopted  «pd  of  «wH^WBJP5J*i„i^  Air  «. 
Btit<ifo  we»  sittled  for  *«  time^^Md  »  ^  e 
tov^  yr  ^rs }  when  most  of  the  WOdes  of  vhat  treaty  expir 


^p 


(  «  ) 

niseci  by  these  same  fedcralisttb  if  sach  powers  htd  bMO 
vested  in  President  Jefferson. 


nrkA    r^*^■vt  Kr\«ttlA    wt^autti'tv:.    QONiinttf    r\nf<  cgm\n\m*>^m 

also  on  the  part  of  O.  Britun  ;  by  a  procknuatkm  dated  tho 
1€th  May,  1806.  The  const  of  Europe,  Ipwn  th«  river 
Elbe  to  Brest  was  declared  to  be  in  «  state  of  rigid  block'* 
■ade ;  and  of  course  our  vessels  were  interacted!  the  tiid# 
of  that  length  of  coast  under  p^n  of  condemnatioii  ab4  lbi> 

The  only  blockades  itcognised  by  the  law  of  nations,  are« 
where  the  entrance  to /icr/iVtt/ar/ior^t  is  made  dqngtrotf 
by  lbi*Ge8  actually  before  it ;  but  a  blockade  ^taU  the  pmls 
;of  half  the  coast  of  Europe,  bjr  mere  /iroeiamation  when  in 
fact  not  a  single  port  p&rhaps  in  all  that  distance  wai  legidif 
blocked  up,  was  as  absurd  as  to  pretend  to  blockade  w 
whole  earth  ;  and  was,  on  the  part  of^vreat-Britaiii}  a  mott 
janjustinable  infraction  of  neutral  rights.  >: 

The  abominable  injustice  of  this  roeaiure  excited  thf 
attentl^  of  Bonaparte.  His  minister,  (Mr,  ChiatDp^?nyl 
renums^ted  with  our  minister  at  Paris,  (Mr.  ArtnstroDg; 
upon  the  subject«^who  assured  the  Frenchman  that  eiir  go* 
vemmcnt  wei'e  very  &r  from  acquiescing  in  the  iocftsur«y 
and  that  they  had  remonstrated  against  it,  but  to  no  pur* 
|K)8e.  ^  Well  then,*'  replies  Bona^rte,  *^  if  Great  BrHaiOf 
in  carrying  on  hei*  war&re  agsunst  us  is  to  be  sttffei^d  to 
i^]a$»  the  faw^m^kmt,  we  will  follow  her  examfle  and 
aviMourselm^^  the  IHiie  wei9Qiti*^«*and 
in  the  true  ^tk  df  re^imfofit  BfQiuiparte'  h 
bi  uted  Berlin  decree  of  Novembefv:  11 
whole  of  Great  Bi^dfeiki  $dA,  her  dq 
blockade.  The  FM^ch  government 
srme  time,  that  thii  dbc^Sd  yhoQld  wM^  fij^pnrrced  to  our 
lnjYV^;>)rw«ait  evtf^ifim^  uauntU  near  « 

|fea#uft^lli%rda,  'uuh»  at0o{  m  sBp  Horizon,  which  was 
condemned  under  it  a  few  days  pf«vioi,is  to  the  Brstish  or^ 
ders  in  council  of  Nov.  1 807 ;  which  wei^  issued  as  a  pre- 
t^ded  retaliation  upon  the  Berlin  i^ree,  altl^otigli,  the 
British  government  was  fully  Mfon&ad  oft  e  dispdsmon  of 
^  Fiench  goternmetftio  exc€ptmfr®aa  its  e|serati<^,  sn^ 
before  i&he  could  notssibly  have  obtianed  any  informatioft^ 
of  the  cQisdemDatldliWtfao  Bontm.  ;  ',. 


i^tti 


4-' 


:  c 


\X'>^ 


(24 

These  oi-aersof  Noveltibct,  isor,  proWbitea  »11  AwM- 
«n  conime-cc  wUh  any  European  port  from  wh'C"  th* 
British  flBSi;  'ms  excluded,  under  pain  ot  conaemnaUon, 
uriiess  rwiief.  on  under  SnVwA  ic«!»(-».  ^„.  ;„^„„ 

But  in  this  measure  the  flagruw  in)usnc«  and  incon- 
sistenw  of  the  British  government,  is  most  glaringly  exem- 
Sifed      For  she  endeavored  to  silence  our  complaints  and 
reSstrances  ag.  inst  her  violations  of  naoonal  law  and 
~1  rights,  l|  pretending  that  her  only  resort  was  to 
S^"rive  her  enJies  of  the  Eenefil*bf  »«rcommerce-and 
Tei  she  was  veiy  willing  that  M<.«  commerce  should  be  . 
"carried  on  under  licences  purchased  from  Acr. 
*  Then  followed  the  Milan  decre^_of  December  807,  de- 
claiinc  eveiT  vessel  lawful  prize,  that  had  suffered  the  vis- 
it of  ^  EnllisH  ves.,el,  submitted  to  an  English  voyage, 
Tpad  dS|  to  the  English  government ,  and  also  every 
yesfel  coming  from  G.  B.ituin  or  any  ol  her  colonies 

Thea  followed  the  British  acts  ofparhameti  of  808, 
for  carrying  into  execution  the.  orders  of  council  of  1 807, 
mpo"bg  a  .ox  upon  American  produce  ^"""f  «° '^^^f, 
exportedtothe  ctntincnt,  under  s»idftc«»r<-.,  of  troshil- 
Un^aS sixpence  sterling, on  every  hundred  w«gM  of 
toteco  s  two  shillings  per  pound  on  ""''^S  »Xo?k" 
shillings  and  six  pence  on  every  hundred  weigh  ofpork . 

„i„e  pence  per  P<>«"d  ™  cottonj<^^  k^'of  "Jp^f  ^t 
tides  not  enumerated  m  those  acts,  a  f^yj^  *   v   _    , 

Then  followsthe  Bayonne  decree  "^  fj^^'\' f «  '  ^^^ 
subjects  all  American  vessfcls, found  on  the  high  seas  smee 
1|ip  en*argp,  to  capture  and  condemnation. 


h 


riJiris. 


v\l 


I 


